The Renal System at a Glance is a highly illustrated and practical guide to the structure and function of the kidney, renal, and urinary system. It also covers related disorders and abnormalities and their treatment.
Fully updated to reflect the many exciting new developments in the understanding of nephrology, this new edition has been restructured to better integrate basic science and clinical examples to the medical school curricula. New chapters on glomerular filtration and global kidney medicine are included, while the latest guidance and approaches to acute kidney injury, chronic kidney diseases, and renal replacement therapy have also been incorporated.
The Renal System at a Glance:
Offers clear explanations on tricky topics such as electrolytes, fluid balance and acid–base handling
Features new sections on glomerular filtration, and a new chapter on the global differences in kidney problems
Includes cross–referencing between basic science and related clinical content
Focuses on clinical disorders and investigations ideal for those embarking on medicine rotations
Illustrates each topic in a double page spread, complete with charts, graphs, and photographs
This new edition is the perfect guide for medical students, junior doctors, and allied health professionals, including specialist nurses, who wish to learn, or refresh their knowledge, on the kidney and renal system in health and disease.
Contents
Preface to the fourth edition vii
Introduction and how to use this book ix
Abbreviations x
Glossary xii
Nomenclature xiv
Normal values xv
About the companion website xvii
Part 1 Introduction 1
1 The kidney: structural overview 2
2 The kidney: functional overview 4
3 Development of the renal system 6
4 Clinical features of kidney disease 8
5 The kidney: laboratory investigations and diagnostic imaging 10
Part 2 Filtration and blood flow 13
6 Renal vascular biology 14
7 Glomerular filtration 16
8 Renal vascular disease 18
9 Erythropoietin and anemia in renal disease 20
Part 3 Sodium and water 23
10 Renal sodium handling 24
11 The kidney and water handling 26
12 Regulation of body sodium and body water 28
13 Disorders of sodium and water metabolism 30
14 Hyponatremia and hypernatremia 32
15 The edema states: sodium and water retention 34
Part 4 Potassium 37
16 Renal potassium handling 38
17 Regulation of potassium metabolism 40
18 Hypokalemia and hyperkalemia 42
Part 5 Acid–base 45
19 Renal acid–base and buffer concepts 46
20 Renal acid–base handling 48
21 Acid–base regulation and responses to acid–base disturbances 50
22 Clinical disorders of acid–base metabolism and metabolic acidosis 52
23 Metabolic alkalosis, respiratory acidosis, and respiratory alkalosis 54
24 Renal tubular acidosis 56
Part 6 Divalent ions calcium, phosphate and magnesium 59
25 Calcium, phosphate, and magnesium metabolism 60
26 Regulation of divalent ions and disorders of phosphate and magnesium 62
27 Hypocalcemia and hypercalcemia 64
Part 7 Drugs and genetic disorders 67
28 Drug and organic molecule handling by the kidney 68
29 Renal pharmacology: diuretics 70
30 Hereditary disorders of tubular transport 72
31 Polycystic kidney disease 74
Part 8 Glomerular and tubulointerstitial disease 77
32 Glomerular disease: an overview 78
33 Glomerular pathologies and their associated diseases 80
34 Specific diseases affecting the glomeruli 82
35 Proteinuria and the nephrotic syndrome 84
36 Tubulointerstitial disease 86
Part 9 Systemic conditions and the renal system 89
37 Hypertension: causes and clinical evaluation 90
38 Hypertension: complications and therapy 92
39 Pregnancy and the renal system 94
40 Diabetes mellitus and the kidney 96
Part 10 Acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease 99
41 Acute kidney injury: pathophysiology 100
42 Acute kidney injury: clinical aspects 102
43 Chronic kidney disease and kidney function in the elderly 104
44 Severe chronic kidney disease and renal bone disease 106
45 Severe chronic kidney disease: clinical complications and their management 108
46 Treatment of kidney failure with dialysis 110
47 Peritoneal dialysis and continuous hemofiltration 112
48 Renal transplantation 114
49 Global kidney medicine 116
Part 11 Stones, infection and cancer 119
50 Urinary tract infection 120
51 Urinary tract stones 122
52 Urinary tract cancer 124
Case studies and questions 126
Answers 129
Index 133
